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Tatami (Japanese armour)
(畳胴具足), or tatami gusoku (''Tatami'', from ''Tatamu'' 畳む, "To fold") and gusoku (meaning armour),〔(''The samurai: warriors of medieval Japan'', 940-1600, Anthony J. Bryant, Angus McBride, Osprey Publishing p.63 )〕 was a type of lightweight portable folding Japanese armour worn during the feudal era of Japan by the samurai class and their foot soldiers (ashigaru). The ''Tatami dō'' (a foldable cuirass) or the ''tatami katabira'' (an armoured jacket) were the main components of a full suit of tatami armour.〔(''Arms and armor of the samurai: the history of weaponry in ancient Japan'', Ian Bottomley, Anthony Hopson, Crescent Books, 1993 p.88,91,92 )〕
==Structure==
A ' (complete suit of folding armor) includes a ''tatami dō'' or ' (jacket) and a ''tatami kabuto'' (helmet) ',〔(''Samurai: The Code of the Warrior'', Thomas Louis, Tommy Ito, Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2008 p.98 )〕 or ' (hood) or similar type of head protection along with the other related parts of a full suit of Japanese armour. Collapsible head protection such as ' and other collapsible armor are also ''tatami'' armor;〔(''A glossary of the construction, decoration, and use of arms and armor'' by George Cameron, p.606 )〕 a traditional kabuto could also be part of a tatami gusoku.
Tatami armour was lightweight, portable, convenient for transportation, and they were manufactured inexpensively for the ashigaru light infantry.〔(''Samurai 1550–1600'' by Anthony J. Bryant, Angus McBride, p.59 )〕 Tatami armours were worn by all samurai classes from the highest class to the lowest class. The higher class samurai wore elaborate armour 〔(''The samurai: warriors of medieval Japan'', 940–1600, Anthony J. Bryant, Angus McBride, Osprey Publishing p.63 )〕 while the lower class samurai and retainers wore simpler versions.
In his book ''Arms and Armor of the Samurai: The History of Weaponry in Ancient Japan''〔Ian Bottomley & A.P. Hopson. ''Arms and Armor of the Samurai: The History of Weaponry in Ancient Japan'' pp.88 & 91〕 Ian Bottomley shows a ''karuta tatami do'' and a ''karuta tatami kabuto'' (p. 88), and discusses different types of ''tatami dō'' ''karuta gane dō'' and ''kikko gane dō'' on p. 91. George Cameron Stone shows a ''kikko tatami'' armor on p. 606 of his book ''A glossary of the construction, decoration, and use of arms and armor''.〔(''A glossary of the construction, decoration, and use of arms and armor'' by George Cameron, p.606 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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